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Through legislative debate and compromise, the U.S. Congress makes laws that influence our daily lives. It holds hearings to inform the legislative process, conducts investigations to oversee the executive branch, and serves as the voice of the people and the states in the federal government.
The federal bureaucracy performs three primary tasks in government: implementation, administration, and regulation. When Congress passes a law, it sets down guidelines to carry out the new policies. The bureaucracy often has some flexibility, known as administrative discretion, in actual implementation.
Congress can control bureaucrats through the legislative veto. It refers to the power of a legislature, or one house of a bicameral legislature, to repeal an action of the executive authority. It gives Congress a second chance to examine decisions.
The bureaucracy has rule-making authority to create regulations about how government programs should operate. These powers enhance the power of the federal bureaucracy, giving it considerable jurisdiction over the implementation of government policies.
Both Congress and the president exercise direct oversight over the bureaucracy by holding hearings, making appointments, and setting budget allowances. Citizens exercise their oversight powers through their use of the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and by voting.
“Max weber” was interested in the study of organizational structure and categorized five main characteristics of ideal bureaucracy; which are as follow, division of labor, hierarchy of organization, written rules and regulation, impersonality and employment based on technical skills.
Adhocracy is a flexible, adaptable and informal form of organization that is defined by a lack of formal structure that employs specialized multidisciplinary teams grouped by functions. It operates in an opposite fashion to a bureaucracy.
describes the established methods
The German sociologist Max Weber (1864-1920) argued that bureaucracy constitutes the most efficient and rational way in which human activity can be organized and that systematic processes and organized hierarchies are necessary to maintain order, to maximize efficiency, and to eliminate favoritism.
Bureaucracy. A component of formal organization that uses rules + hierarchical ranking to achieve efficiency. Ideal Type.
Definition of Impersonality (noun) The absence of emotional attachment in a situation.